Marathon

490 B.C.

Athens defeated the Persians

Thermopylae

480 B.C.

Greeks defeated the Persians in naval battle

Aegospotami

405 B.C.

Sparta nearly wiped out the Athenian navy

Leuctra

371 B.C.

Thebans defeated the Spartans

Mantinea

362 B.C.

Athenians and Spartans defeated the Thebans

Chaeronea

338 B.C.

Phillip II of Macedon defeated the Greeks

Granicus River

334 B.C.

Alexander’s first victory over the Persians

Issus

333 B.C.

Alexander’s second victory over the Persians

Gaugamela

331 B.C.

Alexander defeated Darius III of Persia

Hydaspes

326 B.C.

Alexander against Indian forces

Pydna

168 B.C.

Romans defeated the Macedonians for control of Greece